अपामार्गतण्डुलीयोऽध्यायः

 अथातोऽपामार्गतण्डुलीयमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||   

 इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||   

 Now we shall describe the chapter Apamarga Tanduliya (Dehusked Seeds of Apamarga and other medicines).Thus Lord Atreya enlighted . [1-2]   

 Herbs used for Shirovirechana (Catharsis of Cephalic Region) and indications   

     

 अपामार्गस्य बीजानि पिप्पलीर्मरिचानि च|   

 विडङ्गान्यथ शिग्रूणि सर्षपांस्तुम्बुरूणि च||३||   

 अजाजीं चाजगन्धां च पीलून्येलां हरेणुकाम्|   

 पृथ्वीकां सुरसां श्वेतां कुठेरकफणिज्झकौ||४||   

 शिरीषबीजं लशुनं हरिद्रे लवणद्वयम्|   

 ज्योतिष्मतीं नागरं च दद्याच्छीर्षविरेचने||५||   

 गौरवे शिरसः शूले पीनसेऽर्धावभेदके|   

 क्रिमिव्याधावपस्मारे घ्राणनाशे प्रमोहके||६||   

 In order to eliminate vitiating factors from the head along with gourava (heaviness of the head), shirahshoola (headache), pinasa (rhinitis), ardhavabhedaka (hemicrania), krimi (infections), apasmara (epilepsy), ghrananasha (anosmia), pramoha (fainting), one should prescribe, seeds of Apamarga (Achyranthes aspera Linn.), Pippali (Piper longum Linn.), Maricha (Piper nigrum Linn.), Vidanga (Embelia ribes Burm.f.), Shigru (Moringa oleiferaLam.), Sarshapa (Brassica juncea Czern. and Coss), Tumburu(Zanthoxylum alatum (Roxb.) DC ), Ajaji (Cuminum cyminum Linn.), Ajagandha (Gynandropsis gynandra (L.) Briquet), Pilu (Salvadora persica Linn.), Ela(Elettaria cardamomum Maton), Harenu (Vitex negundo Linn.), Prithvika (Gardenia lucida Roxb.), Surasa (Ocimum sanctum Linn. ), Shweta (Ocimum sanctum Linn), Kutheraka (Orthosiphon pallidus), Phanijjaka (Ocimum canum Sims), seeds of Shireesha (Albizzia lebbeck (L.) Benth), Lashuna (Allium sativum Linn.), Haridra dwaya(Haridra (Curcuma longa Linn.), Daruharidra(Berberis aristata), Lavana dwaya (Saindhava, Souvarchala), Jyotishmati (Celastrus panniculatus), Nagara (Zingiber officinale Rosc.). [3-6]   

           

 Apamarga Achyranthes aspera Pippali Piper longum Maricha Piper nigrum Shigru Moringaoleifera   

           

 Vidanga Embelia ribes Sarshapa Brassica juncea Tumburu Zanthoxylum alatum Ajaji Cuminum cyminum   

           

 AjagandhaGynandropsis gynandra Pilu Salvadora persica Ela Elattaria cardamomum Harenu Vitex neundo   

           

 Pruthvika Gardenia lucida Roxb Shweta Ocimum sanctum Surasa Ocimum sanctum Kutheraka Orthosiphon pallidus   

           

 Phanijjaka Origanum majorana Shireesha Albizzia labbeck Lashuna Allium sativum Haridra Curcuma longa   

           

 Jyotishmati Celastrus panniculatus Daruharidra Berberis aristata Saindhava Souvarchala   

 Herbs used for Therapeutic Emesis   

     

 मदनं मधुकं निम्बं जीमूतं कृतवेधनम्|   

 पिप्पलीकुटजेक्ष्वाकूण्येलां धामार्गवाणि च||७||   

 उपस्थिते श्लेष्मपित्ते व्याधावामाशयाश्रये|   

 वमनार्थं प्रयुञ्जीत भिषग्देहमदूषयन्||८||   

 Madana (Catunaregam spinosa (Thunb.) Tirvengadum), Madhuka (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.), Nimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.), Jimuta(Luffa echinata Roxb.), Kritavedhana (Luffa acutangula Roxb.), Pippali(Piper longum Linn.), Kutaja (Holarrhena pubescens (Buch.-Ham.) Wallich ex Don), Ikshvaku (Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standley), Ela (Elettaria cardamomum Maton), Dhamargava (Luffa aegyptiaca Mill.), are the drugs / medicines to be used by the physician in the conditions caused by vitiation of kapha and pitta in upper gastrointestinal tract for emesis without causing strain to the body. [7-8]   

           

 Madanaphala Catunaregam spinosa Madhuka Glycyrrhiza glabra Nimba Azadirachta indica Jimuta Luffa echinata   

           

 Kritavedhana Luffa acutangula Pippali Piper longum Kutaja Holarrhena antidysenterica Ikshwaku Lagenaria siceraria   

         

 Ela Elettaria cardamomum Dhamargava Luffa aegyptiaca     

 Herbs used for Therapeutic Purgation   

     

 त्रिवृतां त्रिफलां दन्तीं नीलिनीं सप्तलां वचाम्|   

 कम्पिल्लकं गवाक्षीं च क्षीरिणीमुदकीर्यकाम्||९||   

 पीलून्यारग्वधं द्राक्षां द्रवन्तीं निचुलानि च|   

 पक्वाशयगते दोषे विरेकार्थं प्रयोजयेत्||१०||   

 Trivrit (Operculina turpethum (Linn.) Silva Manso), Triphala (Three myrobalans), Danti (Baliospermum montanum (Wild.) Muell-Arg.), Nilini (Indigofera tinctoria Linn.), Saptala (Acacia concinna DC.), Vacha (Acorus calamus Linn.), Kampillaka(Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Muell.- Arg.), Gavakshi (Citrullus colocynthis (Linn.) Schrader), Kshirini (Mimusops hexandra Roxb.), Udakeerya(Pongamia pinnata (Linn.) Pierre), Pilu (Salvadora persica Linn.), Aragwadha (Cassia fistula Linn.), Draksha (Vitis vinifera Linn.), Dravanti (Croton tinglium Linn.), Nichula (Barringtonia acutangula (Linn.) Gaertn.) are the drugs / medicines used for purgation when vitiating factors are located in Pakwashaya (colon).[9-10]   

 ‎   

           

 Trivrit Operculina turpethum Hareetaki Terminalia chebula Bibhitaki Terminalia bellerica Amalaki Emblica officinalis   

           

 Danti Baliospermum montanum Nilini Indigofera tinctoria Saptala Acacia concinna Vacha Acorus calamus   

           

 Kampillaka Mallotus philippensis Gavakshi Citrullus colocynthis Kshirini Mimusops hexandra Udakeerya Pongamia pinnata   

           

 Pilu Salvadora persica Aragwadha Cassia fistula Draksha Vitis vinifera Dravanti Croton tiglium   

        

 Nichula Barringtonia acutangula      

 Herbs used in Therapeutic Enema   

     

 पाटलां चाग्निमन्थं च बिल्वं श्योनाकमेव च|   

 काश्मर्यं शालपर्णीं च पृश्निपर्णीं निदिग्धिकाम्||११||   

 बलां श्वदंष्ट्रां बृहतीमेरण्डं सपुनर्नवम्|   

 यवान् कुलत्थान् कोलानि गुडूचीं मदनानि च||१२||   

 पलाशं कत्तृणं चैव स्नेहांश्च लवणानि च|   

 उदावर्ते विबन्धेषु युञ्ज्यादास्थापनेषु च||१३||   

 अत एवौषधगणात् सङ्कल्प्यमनुवासनम्|   

 मारुतघ्नमिति प्रोक्तः सङ्ग्रहः पाञ्चकर्मिकः||१४||   

 Patala (Stereospermum colais (Buch.-Ham.ex Dillw), Agnimantha (Premna corymbosa Rottl.), Bilwa (Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Corr.), Shyonaka (Oroxylumindicum (Linn.)Benth. ex Kurz) Kashmarya (Gmelina arborea Roxb.), Shalaparni(Desmodium gangeticum (Linn.) DC.), Prishnaparni (Uraria picta Desv.), Nidigdhika (Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad. and Wendl.), Bala (Sida cordifolia Linn.), Shwadamshtra (Tribulus terrestris Linn.), Brahati (Solanum indicum auct.non Linn.), Eranda (Ricinus communis Linn.), Punarnava (Boerrhavia diffusa Linn.), Yava (Hordeum vulgare Linn.), Kulattha (Dolichos lablab Linn.), Kola (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.), Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), Madana (Catunaregam spinose (Thunb.) Tirvengadum), Palasha (Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub.), Kuttrana (Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf), Sneha (fat), and Lavana (salt) are the drugs / medicines to be selected for Asthapana( a variety of enema with decoction) in the event of udavarta (conditions caused by the inhibition of natural urges) and vibandha (constipation). These drugs / medicines are to be used for anuvasana (another variety of enema with oil /unctuous substances) for the pacification of vitiated vata. Thus the bio-purificatory therapies are mentioned here in brief. [11-14]   

           

 Patala Stereospermum colais Agnimantha Premna corymbosa Shyonaka Oroxylum indicum Kashmarya Gmelina arborea   

           

 Bilwa Aegle marmelos Shalaparni Desmodium gangeticum Prashnaparni Uraria picta Nidigdhika Solanum xanthocarpum   

           

 Bala Sida cordifolia Shwadamshtra Tribulus terrestris Brahati Solanum indicum Eranda Ricinus communis   

           

 Punarnava Boerhavia diffusa Yava Hordeum vulgare Kulattha Dolichos lablab Kola Ziziphus mauritiana   

           

 Guduchi Tinospora cordifolia Madana Catunaregam spinosa Palasha Butea monosperma Kuttrana Cymbopogon citrates   

 Pre-requisites of Panchakarma Procedure   

     

 ‎तान्युपस्थितदोषाणां स्नेहस्वेदोपपादनैः|   

 पञ्चकर्माणि कुर्वीत मात्राकालौ विचारयन्||१५||   

 In the event of vitiated 'dosha (vitiated factors) brought to koshtha (gut) by oleation and sudation therapies, a physician should administer five bio-purificatory therapies by duly considering the matra (dose) and kala (time). [15]   

 Yukti (rational therapeutics)   

     

 मात्राकालाश्रया युक्तिः, सिद्धिर्युक्तौ प्रतिष्ठिता|   

 तिष्ठत्युपरि युक्तिज्ञो द्रव्यज्ञानवतां सदा||१६||   

 Therapeutic aptness or rational therapy depends on the matra (dose) and kala(time). Success of the managment depends on yukti (rational therapeutics). But prior to the application of yukti (rational therapeutics) the physician should always possess complete knowledge about drugs / medicines. [16]   

 Description of various medicated yavagu (gruels)   

     

 अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रवक्ष्यामि यवागूर्विविधौषधाः|   

 विविधानां विकाराणां तत्साध्यानां निवृत्तये||१७||   

 Here after I will explain different gruels prepared with various medicinal herbs to eradicate curable diseases. [17]   

 Ingredients and benefits of various medicated yavagu (gruels)   

 Gruel for enhancing digestion and colic pain   

     

 पिप्पलीपिप्पलीमूलचव्यचित्रकनागरैः|   

 यवागूर्दीपनीया स्याच्छूलघ्नी चोपसाधिता||१८||   

 Gruel prepared with Pippali (Piper longum L.), Pippalimoola (Piper longum L.), Chavya (Piper retrofractum Vahl), Chitraka (Plumbago zeylanica L.) and Nagara (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) stimulates agni (digestion power) and cures colic pain. [18]   

 Gruels for digestion, styptic action and vata dominant diarrhoea   

     

 दधित्थबिल्वचाङ्गेरीतक्रदाडिमसाधिता|   

 पाचनी ग्राहिणी, पेया सवाते पाञ्चमूलिकी||१९||   

 Gruel prepared with Dadhittha (Limonia acidissima Groff), Bilwa [Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa], Changeri (Oxalis corniculata L.), Takra (buttermilk), Dadima (Punica granatum L.) are pachana (digestive) and grahi (styptic and promoting absorption of liquid).   

 Whereas thin gruel prepared with Panchamoola (roots of five herbs- Sthiradi Panchamoola) are beneficial in disorders of vata (dominant diarrhea).[19]   

 Gruel used in diarrhoea with dominance of pitta and kapha   

     

 शालपर्णीबलाबिल्वैः पृश्निपर्ण्या च साधिता|   

 दाडिमाम्ला हिता पेया पित्तश्लेष्मातिसारिणाम्||२०||   

 Gruel prepared with Shalaparni (Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC.), Bala (Sida cordifolia L.), Bilwa (Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa), Prishnaparni (Uraria picta (Jacq.) DC.), Amla dadima (sour pomegranate)/Punica granatum L.) is beneficial in pitta and shleshmaja atisara (diarrhoea with dominant pitta and kapha).[20]   

 Gruel used in diarrhoea with blood   

     

 पयस्यर्धोदके च्छागे ह्रीवेरोत्पलनागरैः|   

 पेया रक्तातिसारघ्नी पृश्निपर्ण्या च साधिता||२१||   

 Gruel prepared with half part of water, half part of goat milk (chaga dugdha), Hribera (Pavonia odorata Willd.), Utpala (Nymphaea alba L.), Nagara (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and Prishniparni (Uraria picta (Jacq.) DC.) is beneficial in raktatisaara (blood tinged diarrhea/dysentry). [21]   

 Gruels for diarrhoea with indigestion and dysuria   

     

 दद्यात् सातिविषां पेयां सामे साम्लां सनागराम्|   

 श्वदंष्ट्राकण्टकारीभ्यां मूत्रकृच्छ्रे सफाणिताम्||२२||   

 Whereas in the case of diarrhea associated with Ama, gruel prepared with Ativisha (Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. ex Royle), Amla dadima (Sour pomegranate)/Punica granatum L.) and Nagara (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is beneficial.   

 In the case of mutrakrichchra (dysuria) one should use the gruel prepared with Shwadamshtra (Tribulus terrestris L.), Kantakari (Solanum virginianum L.), and Phanita (a preparation of sugarcane).[22]   

 Gruel for krimi (worm infestation)   

     

 विडङ्गपिप्पलीमूलशिग्रुभिर्मरिचेन च|   

 तक्रसिद्धा यवागूः स्यात् क्रिमिघ्नी ससुवर्चिका||२३||   

 Gruel prepared with Vidanga (Embelia ribes), Pippalimoola (Piper longum), Shigru (Moringa oleifera Lam.), Maricha (Piper nigrum) and Souvarchala lavana (black salt) along with buttermilk is beneficial in treating krimi (worm infestations). [23]   

 Gruels for excess thirst and toxicity   

     

 मृद्वीकासारिवालाजपिप्पलीमधुनागरैः|   

 पिपासाघ्नी, विषघ्नी च सोमराजीविपाचिता||२४||   

 Gruel prepared using Mridvika (Vitis vinifera Linn.), Sariva (Hemidesmus indicus R. Br.), Laja (popped sorghum), Pippali (Piper longum), madhu (honey), Nagara (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) relieves thirst. When it is further cooked with Somaraji (Psoralea corylifolia Linn.) it acts as anti-toxic particularly in skin diseases. [24]   

 Gruels for nourishment/weight gain and weight loss   

     

 सिद्धा वराहनिर्यूहे यवागूर्बृंहणी मता|   

 गवेधुकानां भृष्टानां कर्शनीया समाक्षिका||२५||   

 Gruel prepared with pork flesh juice extract is nourishing. The one which is prepared with fried Gavedhuka (Coix lacryma.) along with honey is an effective medication for weight loss.[25]   

 Gruels for unction and drying therapy   

     

 सर्पिष्मती बहुतिला स्नेहनी लवणान्विता|   

 कुशामलकनिर्यूहे श्यामाकानां विरूक्षणी||२६||   

 For the snehana (unctuousness) one should use the gruel prepared using tila (Sesamum indicum Linn.) and lavana (salt). Whereas for rukshana (dryness/un-oiliness) one can prepare the gruel using kusha (Desmostachya bipinnata Staff.), Amalaki (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) and Shyamaka (Punicum italicum Linn.)[26]   

 Gruels for respiratory diseases and colic pain   

     

 दशमूलीशृता कासहिक्काश्वासकफापहा|   

 यमके मदिरासिद्धा पक्वाशयरुजापहा||२७||   

 Gruel prepared with Dashamoola (ten root drugs / medicines) is beneficial in hikka (hiccough), shwasa (dyspnea), kasa (cough) and is considered as kapha hara (reduces kapha). The one prepared using ghee, oil and madira (alcoholic beverage) alleviates pain in the colon [27]   

 Gruels for constipation and diarrhoea   

     

 शाकैर्मांसैस्तिलैर्माषैः सिद्धा वर्चो निरस्यति|   

 जम्ब्वाम्रास्थिदधित्थाम्लबिल्वैः साङ्ग्राहिकी मता||२८||   

 For the easy evacuation of stool one can use gruel prepared out of vegetables, meat, tila (Sesamum indicum) and masha (Phaseolus mungo Linn.) Gruel prepared using jambu (Syzygium cumini Skeels), seeds of amra (Mangifera indica Linn.), Amla Dadhitha (Limonia acidissima Linn.) and bilwa (Aegle marmelos Corr.) is grahi (promoting absorption of liquid). [28]   

 Gruels for catharsis and flatulence   

     

 क्षारचित्रकहिङ्ग्वम्लवेतसैर्भेदिनी मता|   

 अभयापिप्पलीमूलविश्वैर्वातानुलोमनी ||२९||   

 For the bhedana karma (cathartic) gruel prepared using kshara (alkali), chitraka (Plumbago zeylanica Linn.), hingu (Ferula narthex Boiss ) and amlavetasa (Garcinia pedunculata Roxb.) is beneficial.   

 Gruel prepared out of Abhaya (Terminalia chebula Retz.), Pippalimoola (Piper longum Linn.) and Vishwa (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is vatanulomana (eliminates flatus).[29]   

 Gruel for adverse effects due to improper administration of ghee and oil   

     

 तक्रसिद्धा यवागूः स्याद्धृतव्यापत्तिनाशिनी|   

 तैलव्यापदि शस्ता स्यात्तक्रपिण्याकसाधिता||३०||   

 Gruel prepared with buttermilk eradicates untoward effects caused by ghritavyapada (improper administration of ghee).   

 Intake of gruel with buttermilk and pinyaka (oil cake) alleviates untoward effects caused by the improper administration of oil.[30]   

 Gruel for pyrexia of irregular pattern and throat disorders   

     

 गव्यमांसरसैः साम्ला विषमज्वरनाशिनी|   

 कण्ठ्या यवानां यमके पिप्पल्यामलकैः शृता||३१||   

 Gruel prepared using cow meat and sour Dadima (Punica granatum) is beneficial in vishama jwara (type of fever with irregular pattern).   

 Gruel prepared with Yava (Hordeum vulgare),ghee, oil, Pippali (Piper longum Linn.) and Amalaki(Phyllanthus emblica Linn.) is useful for throat.[31]   

 Gruels for disorders of male genital tract and aphrodisiac action   

     

 ताम्रचूडरसे सिद्धा रेतोमार्गरुजापहा|   

 समाषविदला वृष्या घृतक्षीरोपसाधिता||३२||   

 Gruel prepared using Tamrachuda (chicken) is said to be beneficial in seminal disorder.   

 Gruel prepared using Masha (Phaseolus mungo Linn.) along with ghee and milk is aphrodisiac. [32]   

 Gruel for intoxication and polyphagia   

     

 उपोदिकादधिभ्यां तु सिद्धा मदविनाशिनी|   

 क्षुधं हन्यादपामार्गक्षीरगोधारसैः शृता||३३||   

 One prepared with Upodika (Basella rubra Linn.) and curd cures mada (intoxication).   

 Gruel prepared with Apamarga (Achyranthes aspera Linn.), milk and extract of inguinal flesh is beneficial in polyphagia. [33]   

 Abstract    

     

 तत्र श्लोकः-   

 अष्टाविंशतिरित्येता यवाग्वः परिकीर्तिताः|   

 पञ्चकर्माणि चाश्रित्य प्रोक्तो भैषज्यसङ्ग्रहः||३४||   

 Thus after summarizing,   

 All the twenty eight varieties of gruel have been described and the drugs / medicines administered in five bio-purificatory therapies have been enumerated in brief. [34]   

     

 पूर्वं मूलफलज्ञानहेतोरुक्तं यदौषधम्|   

 पञ्चकर्माश्रयज्ञानहेतोस्तत् कीर्तितं पुनः||३५||   

 Though in the previous chapter description about fruits, roots and other medicinal plants have been mentioned, still from the view of bio-purificatory therapies description of drugs / medicines are included. [35]   

 Qualities of a Practicing Physician   

     

 स्मृतिमान् हेतुयुक्तिज्ञो जितात्मा प्रतिपत्तिमान्|   

 भिषगौषधसंयोगैश्चिकित्सां कर्तुमर्हति||३६||   

 A physician endowed with good memory (smriti), knowledge of cause and effect of disease (hetu-yuktijna), self restraint (jitatma), and presence of mind (pratipattiman), is entitled to practice Ayurveda through the combination of various drugs / medicines. [36]   

     

 इत्यग्निवेशकृते तन्त्रे चरकप्रतिसंस्कृते श्लोकस्थानेऽपामार्गतण्डुलीयो नाम द्वितीयोऽध्यायः||२||   

 Thus ends the second chapter named Apamarga Tanduliya of Sutra Sthana of Acharya Agnivesha’s work as rephrased by Acharya Charaka.[ end of chapter 2]